Wisdom teeth are one of the most discussed topics in dentistry - and one of the most misunderstood. Some people have them removed in their teens with no drama. Others keep theirs their entire lives without a problem. And many fall somewhere in between: monitoring, waiting, and eventually dealing with a situation that's become urgent.

Here's a clear-headed guide to what you actually need to know.

What Are Wisdom Teeth?

Wisdom teeth are the third molars - the last set of permanent teeth to develop, typically emerging between the ages of 17 and 25. Most people have four wisdom teeth (one in each corner of the mouth), though some people have fewer, and a small number have none at all.

The human jaw has become smaller over evolutionary time, meaning there is often insufficient room for wisdom teeth to erupt properly. This is why impaction and related problems are so common.

Do They Always Need to Come Out?

No. A wisdom tooth that has fully erupted into a good position, isn't causing crowding, and can be cleaned properly doesn't need to be removed just because it's a wisdom tooth. The presence of wisdom teeth alone is not a reason to extract them.

Removal is typically recommended when:

  • The tooth is impacted - blocked from fully emerging, leaving a partially erupted tooth or one entirely under bone
  • The tooth is causing repeated infections (pericoronitis) - the gum flap over a partially erupted wisdom tooth is a bacteria trap
  • The tooth is decaying - wisdom teeth are hard to clean and commonly develop cavities
  • The wisdom tooth is causing decay in the adjacent molar - this is a significant concern, as damage to the second molar is harder to repair
  • There is crowding pressure on adjacent teeth
  • A cyst has developed around an impacted tooth

Types of Wisdom Tooth Impaction

Wisdom teeth can be impacted in several ways:

  • Mesial impaction - the tooth is angled forward toward the second molar (most common)
  • Horizontal impaction - the tooth is lying on its side within the jaw
  • Vertical impaction - the tooth is upright but lacks sufficient space to erupt
  • Distal impaction - the tooth is angled toward the back of the jaw

The type of impaction, depth within the bone, and proximity to the inferior alveolar nerve (a large nerve running through the lower jaw) all influence the complexity of removal.

Simple Extraction vs Surgical Removal

Simple extraction: The wisdom tooth is fully or mostly erupted and can be removed with forceps after local anaesthetic. Straightforward and quick - comparable to any other extraction.

Surgical removal: Required when the tooth is partially or fully impacted within bone. An incision is made in the gum, bone may be removed to access the tooth, and the tooth is often sectioned (cut into pieces) for easier removal. More involved, but a routine procedure for an experienced dentist.

For severely impacted lower wisdom teeth close to the inferior alveolar nerve, referral to an oral surgeon may be recommended for the safest removal.

The Procedure: What Happens

  1. A full assessment is performed including an OPG (panoramic X-ray) to evaluate the tooth position, root shape, and proximity to important structures
  2. Local anaesthesia is administered - the area is thoroughly numbed before anything begins
  3. For surgical cases: a small incision is made, any covering bone is removed, and the tooth is extracted (sometimes in sections)
  4. The socket is cleaned and the gum sutured closed where necessary
  5. Post-operative instructions are provided

The procedure typically takes 20 to 60 minutes per tooth depending on complexity. Sedation options are available.

Recovery: What to Expect Day by Day

Day 1: Bleeding, swelling beginning, and discomfort controlled by pain relief. Rest. Soft diet.

Days 2 to 3: Swelling peaks (typically around day 2 or 3). Discomfort decreasing for most patients. Continue soft diet.

Days 4 to 7: Swelling and discomfort gradually improving. Stitches (if placed) typically dissolve in 7 to 10 days.

Week 2: Most patients feel largely normal. Soft tissue healing continuing.

4 to 6 weeks: Full tissue and bony healing complete.

Tips for a Smooth Recovery

  • Bite on gauze for 30 to 60 minutes immediately after the procedure
  • Do not smoke - significantly increases dry socket risk
  • Do not use a straw for at least 72 hours
  • Eat soft, cool foods for the first 2 to 3 days
  • Keep the area clean with gentle salt water rinses from day 2 onward
  • Take pain relief as directed - don't wait until you're in significant pain

When to Call Your Dentist

Contact us promptly if you experience:

  • Severe, worsening pain starting 2 to 4 days after the extraction (possible dry socket)
  • Signs of infection: fever, increasing swelling, pus, foul taste
  • Bleeding that doesn't settle with pressure after 30 to 60 minutes
  • Numbness that doesn't resolve beyond the first day

How Much Does Wisdom Tooth Removal Cost?

Type Cost per tooth (approximate)
Simple erupted extraction $200 to $400
Surgical removal (impacted) $350 to $650
All 4 under GA in hospital $1,500 to $3,000 + hospital fees

Health funds with extras cover contribute toward extractions up to annual limits. Check your policy for item codes 322 (simple extraction) and 323/324 (surgical extraction) benefits.

Wisdom Tooth Removal at Serene Family Dental - Ropes Crossing

We assess and remove wisdom teeth at our Ropes Crossing practice, including surgical removal of impacted teeth. We'll take an OPG and give you a clear recommendation on whether removal is needed now, worth monitoring, or not required at all.

We serve patients from Penrith, Blacktown, Mount Druitt, St Marys, Jordan Springs, Kingswood, St Clair, Glenmore Park and throughout western Sydney.

Book a wisdom tooth assessment or call (02) 9053 1995.